Aplicación de la metodología de superficie de respuesta en la cuantificación de cadmio en cacao de los departamentos de Caquetá y Santander por voltamperometría de redisolución anódica
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.47847/Mots-clés :
Box-Behnken, compuesto central , película de bismutoRésumé
Se estudió el comportamiento electroquímico del ion bismuto (Bi3+) en electrodos de carbón vitreo (GC) y oro (Au) por voltamperometría cíclica (CV). Para ambos electrodos el proceso redox del ion Bi3+ es cuasireversible, con una potencial de pico catódico 0,10 V y -0,16 V para reducción de Bi3+ a Bi0 sobre los electrodos de Au y GC, respectivamente. Para el electrodo de GC la relación de corriente de pico (Ipa/Ipc) es cuatro veces mayor con respecto electrodo Au en ácido clorhídrico (HCl) 0,1 M. Además, se realizaron un diseño Box-Behnken y compuesto central para optimizar la película de bismuto sobre GC y parámetros electroanalíticos por voltamperometría de redisolución anódica de pulso diferencial (DPASV) para la determinación de cadmio (Cd2+). Se evaluó la influencia de [Bi3+], Edepósito y tdepósito para la película de bismuto, y Epulso y tpulso para los parámetros electroanalíticos. Los parámetros optimizados fueron [Bi3+]= 5 mg/L, Edepósito= -1100 mV, tdepósito= 650 s, Epulso= 160 mV y tpulso= 20 ms. Bajo la combinación óptima de parámetros se realizó una curva de calibración en un rango de concentraciones de 0,05 a 0,4 mg/L con un límite de detección (LOD) y cuantificación (LOQ) de 0,032 y 0,099 mg/L. El procedimiento analítico propuesto se aplicó para cuantificar Cd2+ en muestras de semilla de cacao de los departamentos de Caquetá y Santander, y fue comparado por espectroscopia de absorción atómica (AAS) con resultados satisfactorios.
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